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France, Italy, and the Iberian Peninsula
The area comprising France, Italy, Spain, and Portugal is distinguished by its particularly long and close association with art and church music. This is especially true of France and Italy, the nations which perhaps more consistently than any others have had a tradition of sophisticated music and of urban civilization since the Middle Ages. It has often been thought that these countries have little folk music except that which trickled down from the cities, and which we call gesunkenes Kulturgut. To be sure, there have been some successful attempts to trace the history of certain song and dance types back to the medieval troubadours and trouveres, and to the earliest known forms of instrumental music (such as the stantipes, |
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